FM 10-450-3 (ARMY FIELD MANUAL 10-450-3), MULTISERVICE HELICOPTER SLING LOAD: BASIC OPERATIONS AND EQUIPMENT [FM 10-450-3/MCRP 4-23E, VOL I/NWP 3-04.11/AFJMAN 11-223, VOL I/ COMDTINST M13482.2A] (10 APR 1997)., This manual is one of a series of manuals for aviation and ground personnel who perform helicopter sling load missions ashore or aboard ship. Other manuals in this series are FM 55-450-4/FMFRP 5-31, VOL II/NWP 42- 1,VOL II/AFR 50-16, VOL II/COMDTINST M13482.3 and FM 55-450-5/FMFRP 5-31, VOL III/NWP 42-1,VOL III/AFR 50-16, VOL III/COMDTINST M13482.4. These manuals are a coordinated effort of the US Army, US Marine Corps, US Navy, US Air Force, and US Coast Guard. All services participate in the sling load certification program begun by the Army in 1984. These manuals include standardized rigging procedures and other information from that program. Efforts were made to standardize ground crew and hookup procedures and terminology. The terms "helicopter" and "aircraft" refer to vertical lift aircraft that participate in sling load operations. Where service-unique requirements apply to an entire chapter or body of text, the service initials are at the beginning of the chapter or text. Otherwise the initials are at the end of the applicable sentence. The information in this manual will familiarize personnel with the sling sets, cargo nets, and other sling load equipment in the DOD inventory. It will also acquaint them with the helicopters used for sling load and provide basic procedures for rigging and hooking up loads. Rigging equipment and procedures described in this manual may not be authorized for all aircraft or services because of equipment or service restrictions. This manual does not provide details on aviation operations nor does it present detailed data that is normally contained in unit standing operating procedures (SOPs).

FM 10-450-4 (ARMY FIELD MANUAL 10-450-4) (CHANGE 1), MULTISERVICE HELICOPTER SLING LOAD: SINGLE-POINT RIGGING PROCEDURES (1 FEB 2000) [C1, FM 10-450-4/MCRP 4-23E, VOL II/NWP 3-04.12/AFJMAN 11-223, VOL II/ COMDTINST M13482.3A].

FM 10-450-5 (ARMY FIELD MANUAL 10-450-5), MULTISERVICE HELICOPTER SLING LOAD: DUAL-POINT LOAD RIGGING PROCEDURES (30 AUG 1999) [*FM 10-450-5/MCRP 4-23E, VOL III/NWP 3-04.13/AFJMAN 11-223, VOL III/ COMDTINST M13482.4A]., This manual is one of a series of manuals for aviation and ground personnel who perform helicopter sling load missions ashore or aboard ship. Other manuals in this series are FM 10-450-3/MCRP 4-23E, VOL I/NWP 3-04.11/ AFJMAN 11-223, VOL I/COMDTINST M13482.2A and FM 10-450-4/MCRP 4-23E, VOL II/NWP 3-04.12/AFJMAN 11- 223, VOL II/COMDTINST M13482.3A. These manuals are a coordinated effort of the US Army, US Marine Corps, US Navy, US Air Force, and US Coast Guard. All services participate in the sling load certification program begun by the Army in 1984. These manuals include standardized rigging procedures and other information from that program. Chapters 2 through 13 contain rigging procedures for dual-point loads which have been certified for sling load. Chapter 14 contains rigging procedures which have not been certified but have demonstrated acceptable static lift and flight characteristics during a flight test. Efforts were made to standardize ground crew and hookup procedures and terminology. Where service-unique requirements apply to an entire chapter or body of text, the service initials are at the beginning of the chapter or text. Otherwise the initials are at the end of the applicable sentence. Rigging equipment and procedures described in this manual may not be authorized for all aircraft or services because of equipment or service restrictions.

FM 100-6 (ARMY FIELD MANUAL 100-6), INFORMATION OPERATIONS (AUG 1996)., This manual addresses the operational context of information operations (IO), relevant terminology, and the environment of information operations. It supports battle command and provides guidelines for commanders that conduct IO to support all phases of the force-projection operating environment, including planning and executing early entry and force-projection operations in joint and multinational settings. Military operations occur in peace and war. The traditional focus when discussing information and C 2 was electronic warfare (EW), electronic countermeasure (ECM), and electronic counter countermeasure (ECCM) operations that take place during war. The focus of this manual is on command and control warfare (C 2 W), public affairs (PA), and civil affairs (CA). All are operations that the Army currently uses to gain and maintain information dominance as well as effective C 2 . Successful operations require effective C 2 to transform military capabilities into applied military power. The more effective the force’s C 2 system, the more completely its capabilities can be realized in peace or war. As the Army’s capstone doctrine for IO, this manual supports soldiers and leaders that execute IO to support military operations. Not only does the doctrine herein provide commanders and their staffs with guidance to conduct information operations, it also serves as the foundation for development of US Army tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) manuals. It is also the foundation to refine existing training support packages (TSPs), mission training plans (MTPs), training center and unit exercises, and service school curricula. The manual provides a basis to examine organizations and materiel developments applicable to IO. This doctrine applies to the total Army—active and reserve components and Army civilians. It is specifically oriented at the operational and tactical levels of military operations. It may be useful to other services, nonmilitary agencies, and allies involved in such operations.

FM 101-5 (ARMY FIELD MANUAL 101-5), STAFF ORGANIZATION AND OPERATIONS (31 MAY 1997)., This publication is the Army's capstone manual for staff organization and operations of major tactical and major tactical support commands at corps level and below. Field Manual (FM) 101-5 describes basic doctrine of the roles, relationships, organization, and responsibilities of staffs in the United States (US) Army. It does not cover staffs of units at echelons above corps and joint level. FM 101-5 is intended for use by staff officers in carrying out their duties and responsibilities as they assist the commander in accomplishing the mission. A commander may establish procedures and may organize the staff as necessary to conform with the mission, resources available, and level of command. However, the staff should continue to function along the direction described to maintain a common understanding among units. FM 101-5 is the Army's doctrinal source for the military decision-making process, the doctrinal approach to decision making that helps the commander and his staff examine a situation and reach logical decisions. FM 101-5 does not detail tactical missions or the use of forces during operations. The examples provided are guides only, showing general application procedures. This manual is the authoritative foundation for doctrine; procedures and techniques; force design; materiel acquisition; professional education; individual, unit, and service school training; and research and development for staffs and their functions. Every attempt has been made to ensure that this manual is consistent with current joint doctrine and publications.

FM 101-5-1 (MCRP 5-2A) (ARMY FIELD MANUAL 101-5-1) (MARINE CORP REFERENCE PUBLICATION 5-2A), OPERATIONAL TERMS AND GRAPHICS (30 SEP 1997)., This manual sets forth procedures for the United States Army and the United States Marine Corps in the use of land-based warfighting symbology. An extensive set of symbols for the Air Force and Navy is found in Military Standard 2525A. The manual is a dictionary of operational terms and military graphics. It is designed for commanders and staffs from company through corps to communicate instructions to subordinate units. This manual describes symbols for use in the force domain (maneuver command and control) but does not supersede the military standards that describe symbols for use in the engagement domain ("radar" tracking , evaluation, engagement, or engagement system directing). Military standards established for air defens e engagement and systems control and aircraft "heads up" displays are to be used. When information is transferred from an engagement domain system to a force domain command and control system, it will be automatically or manually converted to the force domain symbols in this publication.

FM 21-76, SURVIVAL, EVASION, AND RECOVERY MULTISERVICE PROCEDURES FOR SURVIVAL, EVASION, AND RECOVERY; FM 21-76-1; MCRP 3-02H; NWP 3-50.3; AFTTP(I) 3-2.26 (JUNE 1999). Note: This UNCLASSIFIED multiservice tactics, techniques, and procedures publication is designed to assist Service members in a survival situation regardless of geographic location. information. This publication provides Service members a quick reference, weatherproof, pocket-sized guide on basic survival, evasion, and recovery information. The target audience for this publication is any Service member requiring basic survival, evasion, and recovery information.

FM 3-04.203, (ARMY FIELD MANUAL 3-04.203), FUNDAMENTALS OF FLIGHT (7 MAY 2007)., Field manual (FM) 3-04.203 still presents information to plan and conduct common aviation tasks for fixed- and rotary-wing flight. However, it has become more inclusive and its scope broadened to reduce the number of manuals used by Army crewmembers for reference One of the underlying premises of Army aviation is if crewmembers understand ‘why’ they will be better prepared to ‘do’ when confronted with the unexpected. FM 3-04.203 endeavors to ensure that crewmembers understand the basic physics of flight, and the dynamics associated with fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft. A comprehensive understanding of these principles will better prepare a crewmember for flight, transition training, and tactical flight operations. Because the U.S. Army prepares its Soldiers to operate anywhere in the world, this publication describes the unique requirements and flying techniques crewmembers will use to successfully operate in extreme environments, not always encountered in home station training. As a full-time force, the U.S. Army is capable of using the advantages of its superior night operation technologies to leverage combat power. To that end, Army crewmembers must be familiar and capable of performing their mission proficiently and tactically at night. The information on night vision systems (NVSs) and night operations in this circular will provide the basis for acquiring these skills. Every aviator understands that the primary purpose is to operate aircraft safely. Every crewmember must perform the mission effectively and decisively in tactical and combat operations. FM 3-04.203 also covers basic tactical flight profiles, formation flight, and air combat maneuvers. FM 3-04.203 is an excellent reference for Army crewmembers; however, it can not be expected that this circular is all inclusive or a full comprehension of the information will be obtained by simply reading the text. A firm understanding will begin to occur as crewmembers become more experienced in their particular aircraft, study the tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) of their units, and study other sources of information. Crewmembers honing skills should review FM 3-04.203 periodically to gain new insights. This publication applies to the Active Army, the Army National Guard/Army National Guard of the United States, and the United States Army Reserve unless otherwise stated.

FM 3-04.240 (ARMY FIELD MANUAL 3-04.240), INSTRUMENT FLIGHT FOR ARMY AVIATORS (30 APR 2007)., Field manual (FM) 3-04.240 is specifically prepared for aviators authorized to fly Army aircraft. This manual presents the fundamentals, procedures, and techniques for instrument flying and air navigation. FM 3-04.240 facilitates adherence to Army regulation (AR) 95-1 by providing guidance and procedures for standard Army instrument flying. Aircraft flight instrumentation and mission objectives are varied, making instruction general for equipment and detailed for accomplishment of maneuvers. Guidance found in this manual is both technique and procedure oriented. Aircraft operator manuals provide the detailed instructions required for particular aircraft instrumentation or characteristics. When used with related flight directives and publications, this publication provides adequate guidance for instrument flight under most circumstances but is not a substitute for sound judgment; circumstances may require modification of prescribed procedures. Aircrew members charged with the safe operation of United States Army, Army National Guard (ARNG), or United States Army Reserve (USAR) aircraft must be knowledgeable of the guidance contained herein. This manual applies to all military, civilian, and/or contractor personnel who operate Army aircraft, and adherence to its general practices is mandatory. The Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) published by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is not regulatory; however, the AIM provides information that reflects examples of operating techniques and procedures required in other regulations. AIM is not binding on Army aircrews. Furthermore, the AIM contains some techniques and procedures not consistent with Army mission requirements, regulatory guidance, waivers, exemptions, and accepted techniques and procedures. However, AIM is the accepted standard for civil aviation and reflects general techniques and procedures used by other pilots. Much of the information contained in this manual is reproduced from AIM and adapted for Army use. If a subject is not covered in this manual or other Army regulations, follow guidance in the AIM unless mission requirements dictate otherwise. All figures and tables that display partial or complete navigational excerpts from other publications (such as instrument approach charts, legends, and low-altitude en route charts) are provided for reference only and should not be used in planning for or the conduct of any flight. This publication applies to the Active Army, the Army National Guard/Army National Guard of the United States, and the United States Army Reserve unless otherwise stated.

FM 3-100.2, MULTISERVICE PROCEDURES FOR INTEGRATED COMBAT AIRSPACE COMMAND AND CONTROL (JUN 2000)., [FM 3-100.2, (FM 100-103-1), MCRP 3-25D, NTTP 3-52.1(A) and AFTTP(I) 3-2.16]., This multiservice tactics, techniques, and procedures (MTTP) publication outlines the importance of an integrated airspace control function on the battlespace and describes the organization responsible for airspace control in joint operations. It establishes MTTP for planning, implementing, executing, and deconflicting airspace, including addressing specific airspace control issues for specialized missions. This publication also outlines the information, interfaces, and communications required for supporting the integrated airspace control function.

FM 3-11.4, MULTISERVICE TACTICS, TECHNIQUES, AND PROCEDURES FOR NUCLEAR, BIOLOGICAL, AND CHEMICAL (NBC)PROTECTION (JUN 2003)., [FM 3-11.4 (FM 3-4), MCWP 3-37.2, NTTP 3-11.27, AFTTP (I) 3-2.46]., This publication is designed for use at the tactical and operational level. It defines the roles of military units and staffs involved in the planning and execution of military operations in a possible nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) environment. This manual provides multiservice tactics, techniques, and procedures (MTTP) for NBC protection. It addresses individual and collective protection (COLPRO) considerations for protection of the force and civilian personnel protection considerations. This manual focuses on the need for all United States (US) forces to be prepared to fight in an NBC environment. It addresses the risk management that occurs when determining what NBC protection measures could be considered to mitigate the risk of operations in an NBC environment. The planning and coordination for NBC protection takes place with the realization that the potential NBC environment could be one in which there is deliberate or accidental employment of NBC weapons, deliberate or accidental attacks or contamination with toxic industrial material (TIM), or deliberate or accidental attacks or contamination with radiological materials (see Joint Publication [JP] 3-11, Joint Doctrine for Operations in Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Environments).

FM 3-52.3, MULTI-SERVICE PROCEDURES FOR JOINT AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL (JATC) (JUL 2003)., [FM 3-52.3 (FM 100-104), MCRP, 3-25A, NTTP 3-56.3, AFTTP(I) 3-2.23]., This joint air traffic control (JATC) publication meets the needs of the Services by providing procedures on JATC employment and by detailing Service relationships for initial, transition, and sustained JATC operations within the theater or AOR. It also outlines how to synchronize and integrate JATC forces and specialized air traffic control (ATC) equipment. This multi-Service procedures publication acts as a ready reference source for guidance on ATC responsibilities, procedures, and employment in a joint environment. This publication discusses JATC employment and Service relationships for initial, transition, and sustained ATC operations across the spectrum of joint operations within the theater or area of responsibility (AOR). This publication is UNCLASSIFIED and specifically addresses Service ATC doctrine, forces, capabilities, equipment, and training.

FM 34-54, (ARMY FIELD MANUAL 34-54) TECHNICAL INTELLIGENCE (30 JAN 1998)., This field manual provides guidance to commanders and staffs of military intelligence (MI) and other units responsible for technical intelligence (TECHINT) or having an association with TECHINT. It provides general guidance and identifies the tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) used in the collection, exploitation, and dissemination of TECHINT in satisfying the warfighter's requirements. TECHINT is an integral part of the overall battlefield operating system (BOS) and supports Army operations through the analysis and exploitation of foreign equipment, weapons, and other war materiel. This field manual describes the TECHINT process at all echelons and identifies responsibilities. It further describes the MI TECHINT organizations, other services, and the strategic level intelligence agencies supporting the process. On today's battlefield, Army forces will likely deploy as part of a joint or combined military operation. For that reason, while this manual supports Army operations, it does so in the context of Army operations as part of a joint or combined task force. This field manual applies to all Army personnel, to include Active Component (AC) and Reserve Components (RC) commanders and their staffs, US Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) Centers and Schools, and MI elements. The proponent of this publication is US Army Intelligence Center and Fort Huachuca (USAIC&FH). Send comments and recommendations on DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms) directly to Commander, US Army Intelligence Center and School, ATTN: ATZS-TDL-D, Fort Huachuca, AZ 85613-6000.

FM 5-499, (ARMY FIELD MANUAL 5-4999) HYDRAULICS (1 AUG 97). This field manual (FM) serves as a guide for personnel who operate and maintain military equipment using hydraulic-powered control systems. It includes general information covering basic hydraulics and describes the properties and characteristics of fluids and several types of pumps, motors, valves, and controls. This manual also deals with piping, tubing, and hoses used to convey fluid under pressure. It describes the functions and types of reservoirs, strainers, filters, and accumulators. It discusses the purposes and types of seals and packings used in fluid power systems. The contents of this manual are applicable to both nuclear and nonnuclear warfare.

FM 55-80, ARMY CONTAINER OPERATIONS (13 AUG 1997). This manual provides guidance for container users who ship commodities within the DOD intermodal container system. The DOD system includes intermodal containers and container services, either DOD-owned or leased, or commercially provided. It also includes other ANSI/ISO configured equipment held by DOD activities before, during, and after intermodal shipment in the DTS.

FM 6-22.5, COMBAT STRESS (3 JUN 2000)., [FM 6-22.5, MCRP 6-11C, NTTP 1-15M]., Marine Corps Reference Publication (MCRP) 6-11C, Combat Stress; Navy Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (NTTP) 1-15M, Commander’s Handbook on Combat Stress; and Army Field Manual (FM) 6-22.5, Combat Stress, provide the tactics, techniques, and procedures required for small-unit leaders to effectively prevent, identify, and manage combat stress when it occurs in their units/commands. This publication contains essential information about combat and combat-related stress. It describes, in layman’s terms, techniques to prevent, identify, and treat harmful combat stress reactions at the lowest level or until professional medical assistance is available. It provides a basic understanding of the causes of stress and describes the preventive actions that can be taken to avoid or reduce its harmful effects. It describes how to identify and manage combat stress symptoms when they appear, and provides techniques to prepare units to handle combat stress reactions when they occur. All small-unit leaders should read this publication. Unless otherwise stated, whenever the masculine gender is used, both men and women are included.

FM 90-21 (ARMY FIELD MANUAL 90-21), MULTISERVICE PROCEDURES FOR JOINT AIR ATTACK TEAM (JAAT) OPERATIONS (JUN 1998) [FM 90-21, MCRP 3-23A, NWP 3-01.03, AFTTP(I) 3-2.10]., This publication— (1) Defines multiservice joint air attack team (JAAT) operations and describes the capabilities and responsibilities of the team members. (2) Describes responsibilities associated with planning, organizing, and executing multiservice JAAT operations. (3) Provides the tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) needed for command and control and employment of multiservice JAAT operations. (4) Provides standardized briefing guides for multiservice JAAT operations.